In the derivation Einstein drived L =Dmc2 (light energy mass inter conversion equation) and then speculated E =Dmc2. But this result is only under SPECIAL CONDITIONS of derivation. If all possible values of the parameters are considered, then result is E µDmc2 or DE = Ac2Dm (ii) Contradiction of Law of Conservation of Matter
Mathematical equations of Einstein's Sep. 1905 derivation of E=mc2 under general conditions ALSO predicts that
When light energy is EMITTED by body, its mass can also INCREASE ( violation of Law of Conservation of Matter, hence contradiction ).
The prediction from Einstein’s Sep. 1905 derivation under GENERAL CONDITIONS is
Ma (mass after emission of light energy)
= Mb (mass before emission of light energy) + positive quantity
Incorrect 8th class level subtraction by Dr Drake Editor of American Physical Society
Dr. Gordon W.F. Drake Editor of American Physical Society, does8TH CLASS STANDARDsubtraction wrong in report dated19 June 2008 on paper DQ10345A.
Subtraction of two equations was given by Editor Dr Drake Correct subtraction hf* = Mc2 + hf/A(1) hf*= Mc2 + hf(2) – – – --------------------------------- 0=0 +hf ( 1/A – 1)orA =1(3)
But Editor, PRA, DrGordon W F Drake’s the rarest INNOVATION is , hf* = Mc2 + hf/A(1) hf*= Mc2 + hf(2) – – – --------------------------------- Net Energy=hf (1/A – 1)(4) FurtherDr Drake interprets ‘Net Energy’ asboth POSITIVE and NEGATIVE
It is incorrect evenstudent of 8th class knows. Dr Gordon W.F. Drake should know LHS is subtracted from LHS , IF BOTH ARE EQAUL THEN RESULT IS ZERO.
Then defends himselfby misinterpreting the Law of Conservation of Energy , isolated and non-isolated systems in report dated 9 Oct. 2009.
Ajay Sharma demands removal of Dr Gordon Drake from American Physical Society for downgrading APS and working against the ethics of science.
Dr Curtis Callan President American Physical Society wants Dr Gene Sprouse to look into the mater and decide. But Dr Sprouse is silent.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Ajay Sharma's papers ( 2004-09) generalizing E=mc2 to DE = Ac2DM The Generalized Conversion Factor in Einstein’s Mass-Energy Equation Progress in Physics is an American scientific journal, July 2008 http://www.ptep-online.com/index_files/2008/PP-14-12.PDF
Einstein’s E=Dmc2 Generalized toDE = Ac2DM Discussion I Part I
1. This equation is doing well since past 100 years then where is the inconsistency?
(a) Experimentally total kinetic energy of in fission fragments of Pu239 is found 20-60MeV less than Q value ( about 200MeV) predicted by E = ∆E = ∆mc2. It is serious experimental limitation.
(b) Also the inconsistency lies in its mathematical derivation (a method to obtain a mathematical equation).
(i)In his 1905 paper Einstein did not derive it (E=mc2) mathematically but in true sense speculated it from L = mc2 (light energy mass conversion equation).
(ii) Then E =mc2 is obtained under special conditions , under general conditions Eµ mc2 is obtained. Thus DE = Ac2DM.
(ii) Further Einstein’s derivation L = mc2 (light energy mass conversion equation) predicts that Light Energy is emitted, then mass of body must INCREASE. It is not justified.
In layman’s language, under certain conditions Einstein’s derivation of E=mc2, also predicts that when acandle BURNS, then its mass of candle mustalso INCREASE, Part II
2. How you will justify Einstein arbitrarily speculated E=mc2 from L =mc2 ?
To derived L =mc2, Einstein used equation for relativistic light energy i.e.
ℓ* = ℓ{1 – v cos φ/c } /√[1 – v2 /c2](1)
This equation was given by Einstein in June 1905 paper. Then Einstein speculated that what is true for light energy (L),is true for every energy (E). However when Einstein speculated E=mc2 from L=mc2, then it implies eq.(1) is true for every energy(E) i.e.
(i) sound energy,(ii) heat energy,(iii) chemical energy,
(iv) nuclear energy,(v) magnetic energy,(vi) electrical energy,
(vii) energy emitted in form of invisible radiations,
(viii) energy emitted in cosmological and astrophysicalphenomena
(ix) energies co-existing in various forms etc. etc. etc.
Eq.(1) is NOT justified for every energy,as assumed or speculated by Einstein.
The eq.(1) is only meant from light energy, not for other energies cited above.
This speculation results in E=mc2, such a significant equation must be based upon a specific mathematical derivation and not on speculation.
3. Is Einstein’s derivation of L =mc2 (from which E=mc2 is speculated) is correct ?
The derivation of L= Δm c2 orΔm=L /c2 orMa ( mass of body after emission)=Mb ( mass of body before emission) – L/c2(2)
i.e. mass of body decreases when light energy is emitted
is incomplete or true in very-2 SPECIAL CONDITIONS only, not under GENERAL CONDITIONS.
If all valid values of parameters are taken, then results are contradictory in nature.
4. What is the reason for contradictory predictions?
In Einstein’s derivation, there are four variables i.e.
(a) Number of light waves emitted by body
(b) Magnitude of energy of light waves
(c) Angles at which waves are emitted by body
(d) Velocity of measuring system w.r.t. body emitting light energy.
Einstein took SPECIAL CONDITIONS to derive L =mc2 and speculated from it E=mc2
(a) Einstein took, just two light waves
(b) Energy of light wave is equal (0.5L each)
(c) Waves are emitted in opposite directions
(d) Velocity measuring system w.r.t body is in classical region.
Thus under these conditions Einstein’s derivation is OK., as in eq.(2).
Part III 5. Then how did you derive new equation, DE = Ac2DM ?
I have derived new equation between mass-energy conservation by simple calculus method. In DE = Ac2DM, A is a co-efficient of proportionality like numerous others in science, since days of Aristotle and Newton. It is dimensionless variable.
DE = Ac2DM is a general equation and E=mc2 is its special case.Energy emitted by new equation can be less, equal to or more than predicted by E=mc2.
6. How did you justify EµΔmc2or DE = Ac2DMexperimentally?
It is explained in Discussion III
Discussion II
1. Which is mathematical equation which follows from Einstein’s derivation and implies that when Light Energy is Emitted mass of body Increases?
2. What about Law of Conservation of momentum?Is it obeyed in your calculations ?
E= Δmc2 means, exactly energy is equal to mass annihilated times c2.
There is no other possibility from E= Δmc2. E=Δmc2 is confirmed in nuclear reactions i.e.(fission, fusion and annihilation of matter and antimatter).But E=Δmc2 isnot confirmed in. chemical reactions, volcanic reactions, in some astrophysical and cosmological reactions and process of creation of mass before Big Bang. In such cases the proportionality (E µ Δmc2or ΔE = Ac2ΔM) can be justified in following cases.
1. Hiroshima atomic explosion did not QUANTITATIVELY confirm E=mc2
2.E=Δmc2is not QUANTITATIVELY confirmed in the MOST ABUNDANT chemical reactions.
3. How FIRST PARTICLE of mass created in the universe?
4. Some existing experimental observations are not consistent with E=mc2. Details in bookEinstein's E= mc2 Generalized
