Basic Laws of Physics revisited
New ... INDEPENDENT SUPPORT :
2265 years old Archimedes Principle Generalized for
sedimentation and
ultracentrifugation. Particles heavier
than medium floated. Published by Royal Society of Chemistry in journal SOFT
MATTER
http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2012/sm/c2sm26120k
Interesting facts about Sir Isaac Newton
Newton never wrote F=ma in the PRINCIPIA
For original ( Latin and English , translation by Andrew Mott in 1729) three laws of motion
Einstein's equations predict : OUTPUT can be without INPUT
++++++++++++++++++++++++Popular
Science links +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Adventure in Science : Popular science DRAMA ( e-book)
on GENERALIZATION of
2265 year old Archimedes , 327 years old Newton & 107 years old Einstein
in Question and Answer
form
Pages
144
Scenes
106,
4Poems, Words
74,536 Published by WSIC EBooks Ltd., 21 Feb.2012, Canada
magzine The Sunday Indian
http://www.thesundayindian.com/hi/story/ajay-sharma-himanchal-scientist-albert-einstein-theory/24/9616/
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International Conferences
Ajay Sharma has been invited to over 84 International conferences for
presentation of research on Generalization of Einstein's E=mc2
Ajay Sharma has personally presented papers in conferences in USA and ENGLAND
etc.
5th international symposium on high energy Gamma Ray Astronomy, Heidelberg
Germany July 9-13, 2012 22nd International Conference of applications in
accelerators in Reserach and Industry , August 5-10.Texas , Forth Worth
USA.
4th International Meeting on Gravitation and Cosmology, Guadalaraja, Jailisico
Mexico 21-25 May 2012
17thInternational
Conference on Cold Fusion which will be held in Daejeon,
South Korea in August 12-17, 2012.
ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition
Houseton Texas,
Nov , USA
21st Midwest Relativity ,Nov.Meeting,
University of Illinois USA, November, 4-5, 2011
10th international Conference on gravitation, Astrophysics and Cosmology, Univ.
of Quy Nhon, December 17-22 , 20115th International Conference of IMBIC on
"Mathematical Sciences for Advancement of Science and Technology" (MSAST 2010)
Kolkata , Dec. 18-20, 2011
3rd
Galileo-Xu Guangqi Meeting,Beijing China 15-11 October 2011
27th Pacific Coast Gravity Meeting ,California Institute of Technology,USA 18-22
March 2011
Nuclear and Particle Physics Divisional Conference, Organised by
Institute of Physics, England 4 - 7 April 2011, University of
Glasgow, Glasgow,
International Conference in Theoretical Physics, Moscow State Open University,
Moscow20 June - 24 June2011
8th Russbach Workshop on Nuclear Astrophysics, Russ Bach am Pass
Gschutt Dachstein West, Austria
March 13-19, 2011
98th Indian Science Congress, SRM University Chennai, INDIA, 3-7Jan.
2011
4th International Conference of IMBIC on "Mathematical Sciences for Advancement
of Science and Technology" (MSAST 2010) Kolkata , Dec. 19-21, 2010
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Why Water Barometer is not constructed by scientists since 1644 ?
Prediction : The height ofwater column must be 10.3 m , as
that of mercury column is 76cm.
link for complete paper
WATER BAROMETERequivalent
to Torricelli’s Mercury Barometer
These experiments will affect teaching at 10th and 12th classes all over
the world
Italian scientist E Torricelli in 1644 made Mercury
Barometer.
Height of mercury column in Mercury Barometer = 76cm
Height of water column in Water Barometer must be10.3 m If height is found different from 10.3 m, then
applications of Law of Gravitation in this regard has to be reconsidered.
American Association of Physics Teacher,USA and
Prof. Grae Worster, Editor Journal of Mechanics, University of Cambridge
England, have
approved these experiments.
(i) According to 2265 years old Archimedes principle, when a body is
immersed in fluid (water) , it experiences upthrust equal to
weight of fluid displaced.
‘Upthrust is equal to
weight of fluid displaced.’ Upthrust = VDmg
(ii) The body floats if weight ( VDbg
) =Upthrust (VDmg)
i.e.Db=
Dm
or Density of body = Density of medium
Thus
according to Archimedes Principle, for a floating body
(a) SHAPE OF FLOATINGBODY
(b) VISCOSITY OF MEDIUM , SURFACE TENSION etc.
are InsignificanT.
This aspect is not experimentally tested at all. However
Archimedesprinciple is regarded as true in
all cases which is unscientific.
(iii) The principle was stated about 250BC and mathematical equations became
feasible in 1685 i.e
after 1935 years.
How equation are regarded as granted for 1935 years without experiments and
mathematical background?
It is the biggest question or mystery.
FLOATING BALLOON EXPERIMENTS IN WATER
Let mathematically the principle predicts that a BALLOON of certain volume must
support 100 gm mass
( must float carrying mass 100 gm ).
But in first stage observations
‘UMBRELLA SHAPED’ balloon supported mass105gm
and
‘thinpipe shaped balloon’ supported mass 96
gm.
CONCLUSION : The mass (weight in general sense) which balloon supported depends
upon SHAPEof BODY.
Thus it can be explained by Generalized Form of Principle
‘Upthrust is proportional to weight of fluid displaced.’
Generalized
Upthrust = f
VDmg
where f is co-efficient of proportionality . It depends upon SHAPE
of BODY and VISCOSITY of medium. In 1991 , Associate Editor
Nature, Dr David Lindley suggested the UTMOST SENSITIVE VERSION OF EXPERIMENTS.
The papers on the topic are published from USA and England.
Even now scientists are not conducting experiments taking bodies of different
SHAPES andliquids of different
viscosities.
2265 years old predicts VOLUME becomes UNDEFINED (V=0/0) Consider a completely
submerged floating balloon in water. m= (V+v) Dw -VDm
m : mass which balloon supports , V Volume of medium filled in balloon, v volume
of sheath , Dm density of medium
inside balloon and Dw density of water.
V = (m-vDw)/(Dw-Dm)(1)
When density of medium ( Dm ) = Density of water (Dw).
Then From eq.(1)
V = (vDw -vDw)/(Dw-Dw) = 0/0
which is meaningless prediction from 2265 years old Archimedes principle.
Generalized form of Archimedes
principle is used.
m= f(V+v) Dw -VDm
V = (m-fvDw)/(fDw-Dm) Now INDETERMINATE FORM of volume is NOT obtained.
Now equation for volume becomes,
V = (m-fvDw)/(fDw-Dm) = (f-1)Dw V
/(f-1)Dw =V
(2)
which is correct result.
Hence generalized form of 2265 years old Archimedes principle is
justified MATHEMATICALLY.
Some experiments can be conducted to confirm it.
Details in bookEinstein and
Archimedes Generalized
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Generalization of
Einstein’s
∆E =∆mc2
, the world's most famous equation
Part I Serious
Mathematicalinconsistencies in the
derivation of∆E
=∆mc2
Purely Arbitrary Derivation
by Einstein of
∆E =∆mc2
(i) Einstein
did not derive ∆E
=∆mc2 but
SPECULATED it without any mathematical derivation. Actually
Einstein derived Light
Energy Mass Energy Equation as ∆L=∆mc2. Thus Einstein
simply replaced L by E to get ∆E
=∆mc2 .Thus
derivation of ∆E
=∆mc2is
ARBITRARY and ILLOGICAL. ∆E
=∆mc2 (∆L=∆mc2) is
not derivable in all cases.
(ii) Einstein’s∆E
=∆mc2(∆L=∆mc2 )is
NOT always derivable . Frequently, instead of∆L=∆mc2 ,
the result is
Mb(mass
before emission) = Ma(Mass
after emission) NOT ∆L=∆mc2
(iii) Also
in some feasible conditions,
the derivation is NOT APPLICABLE at all. Einstein’s
derivation is under special conditions only
(iv)
Arbitrary choice of values of parameters by Einstein in derivation.
(a) Einstein has considered two Light Waves but MANY WAVES are possible. Why
many waves are neglected by Einstein?
(b) Einstein has considered the energies of TWO waves of EQUAL ENERGY
i.e. 0.5L
and 0.5L.
Why other magnitudes of energy i.e. 0.3L and 0.7L etc.
are neglected?
(c)Einstein has considered two waves in opposite directions i.e.ɸ
= 0 and ɸ =180
Why
angles ɸ= 0.9999 and
ɸ=180 were not considered?
(d) Einstein has considered velocity in classical region (v<<c)
Why velocity in relativistic region was neglected?
In brief Einstein’s derivation as given in Sep 1905 paper is INCOMPLETE and is
under SUPER SPECIAL CONDITIONS and alternate derivation is required for such
important phenomena.
Part II
Generalized form of Mass Energy Equation ∆E =A c2∆m The equation
∆E =A c2∆mis derived by
new and simple method. Here A is co-efficient of proportionality, its nature is
like other coefficients of proportionality in the existing physics.
According to
∆E =A c2∆m
if A=1,
∆E =∆mc2
if A>1
∆E > ∆mc2 if A<1,
∆E <∆mc2
Thus
∆E =A c2∆m
is general equation and ∆E
=∆mc2
is SPECIAL CASE.
Neither Einstein nor any other scientist tried to confirm ∆E =∆mc2in case of CHEMICAL REACTIONS.
(i) In chemical reactions (burning of wood)are the most
abundant reactions in world. The experiments regarding Large Hadron Collider
would cost more than 8 Billion Euro, then why such experiments are not
conducted.
(ii)
∆E =∆mc2
is not able to explain simultaneously the ‘universal equality of masses of
nuclei’and Binding Energy of Deuteron.
∆E =A c2∆m
can do so (requires
separate discussion).
Earliest-earliest origin of
universe or what was before Big Bang ?
The mass of universe is regarded as equal to 1055
kg. It would have come from energy, E
= ∆mc2
=1055
kg
x
9x1016
m2/s2 = 9x1071
J.
But from where energy 9x1071
J is created ?So one question gives rise to another
question.This question is answered by
∆E =A c2∆m
Cause
of Gravitation.
” creation of mass of universe and origin of gravitation are both
simultaneous processes”.
Like other energies (heat, light, binding energy) the gravitation is other form
of mass. As the mass is created, fraction of mass so created is
converted to gravitational energy.
Some publications ( for complete list see below) Ajay Sharma's
papers ( 2004-11) generalizing E=mc2 to
DE
= Ac2DM
Ajay Sharma American Journal of Scientific Research, 12
67-121 (2010)
Ajay Sharma, Proceedings of NPA, conference atUniversity of
Connecticut, USA, Part II, pp.261-263, 2010
http://redshift.vif.com/JournalFiles/V18NO3PDF/V18N3SHA.pdf
[10] Sharma, A. Abstract Book: 38th European Group of
Atomic Systems (Euro physics Conference), Isachia (Naples), Italy, p.53
(2006) .
[11]Sharma, A.Abstract
Book: A Century After Einstein Physics 2005, (Organiser Institute of
Physics, Bristol) University of Warwick, UK, 10–14 April. (2005)
[12] Sharma, A. Presented in 19th International Conference on
the Applications of Accelerators in Research and Industry, Fort Worth,
Texas, USA, 20–25August. 2005
[13] Sharma, A. Abstract Book ,
Oral presentation (lecture) on 21st
September 2005,in The 5th British Gravity
Meeting , Oxford,England.
[14]
Sharma, A. Physics Essays, Vol. 17, pp.195–222
(2004)
[15] Sharma, A. Proc. Int. Conf. on Number, Time,
Relativity, United Physical Society of Russian
Federation, Moscow, p.81(2004)
[16] Sharma, A
Acta Ciencia Indica Vol.
XXIV P No. 4pp.153-158 (1998).
[17] Sharma, A
to be published in Galilean Electrodynamics, Massachusetts in
, USA