(Sep. 1905, derivation is mathematically inconsistent, contradicts many facts )

     For detailed  published papers: Contact: AjayOnLine.us@gmail.com

All the doctrines published in PEER REVIEW scientific journals/conferences
Einstein’s Derivation of E=mc² is Not  COMPLETELY STUDIED by Einstein
Link         http://redshift.vif.com/JournalFiles/V18NO3PDF/V18N3SHA.pdf                                                     
                                                                                                                                                                                                
Einstein's equations predict : OUTPUT  can be without  INPUT                                                                                                                    

 ++++++++++++++++++++++++Popular Science links +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
                 Adventure in Science : Popular science DRAMA ( e-book)
                                                                    on
GENERALIZATION of  2265 year old Archimedes , 327 years old Newton &
107 years old Einstein   in Question and Answer  form
              Pages 144      Scenes 106,     4 Poems,  Words  74,536
Published by WSIC EBooks Ltd., 21 Feb.2012, Canada

Free Preview       http://www.wsicebooks.com/html/adventures_in_science.html
                             

magzine    The Sunday Indian  
                 http://www.thesundayindian.com/hi/story/ajay-sharma-himanchal-scientist-albert-einstein-theory/24/9616/
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                           International Conferences
Ajay Sharma has been invited to over 84 International conferences for presentation of research on Generalization of Einstein's E=mc2 
Ajay Sharma has personally presented papers in conferences in USA and ENGLAND etc.
5th international symposium on high energy Gamma Ray Astronomy, Heidelberg  Germany  July 9-13, 2012
22nd International Conference of applications in accelerators in Reserach and Industry , August 5-10.Texas , Forth Worth USA.
                4th International Meeting on Gravitation and Cosmology, Guadalaraja, Jailisico Mexico 21-25 May 2012
17^th International Conference on Cold Fusion  which will be held in Daejeon, South Korea in August 12-17, 2012.
ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition Houseton Texas, Nov , USA

21st Midwest Relativity ,Nov.Meeting, University of Illinois USA, November, 4-5, 2011
10th international Conference on gravitation, Astrophysics and Cosmology, Univ. of Quy Nhon, December 17-22 , 20115th International Conference of IMBIC on "Mathematical Sciences for Advancement of Science and Technology" (MSAST 2010) Kolkata ,  Dec. 18-20, 2011                      
3rd Galileo-Xu Guangqi Meeting,Beijing China  15-11 October 2011
27th Pacific Coast Gravity Meeting ,California Institute of Technology,USA 18-22 March 2011
Nuclear and Particle Physics Divisional Conference, Organised by  Institute of Physics,  England 4 - 7 April 2011, University of Glasgow, Glasgow,
International Conference in Theoretical Physics, Moscow State Open University, Moscow20 June - 24 June   2011   8^th Russbach Workshop on Nuclear Astrophysics, Russ Bach am Pass Gschutt Dachstein West, Austria    March 13-19, 2011
98^th Indian Science Congress, SRM University Chennai, INDIA, 3-7Jan. 2011
4th International Conference of IMBIC on "Mathematical Sciences for Advancement of Science and Technology" (MSAST 2010) Kolkata ,  Dec. 19-21, 2010
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       Why Water Barometer is not constructed by scientists since 1644 ?

Prediction : The height of  water column must be 10.3 m , as that of mercury column is 76cm.
link for complete paper

http://www.wbabin.net/files/4593_sharma22.pdf        

  WATER BAROMETER equivalent to Torricelli’s Mercury Barometer

These experiments will affect  teaching at 10th and 12th classes all over the world
Italian scientist E Torricelli in 1644 made Mercury Barometer.
Height of  mercury column in Mercury Barometer = 76cm  

Height of water column in Water Barometer must be  10.3 m
If height is found different from 10.3 m,  then applications of Law of Gravitation in this regard has to  be reconsidered.

American Association of Physics Teacher,USA  and Prof. Grae Worster, Editor Journal of Mechanics, University of Cambridge England,   have approved these experiments.

   Thus originality of experiments is approved.

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++++                                                             Generalization of 2265 years old Archimedes Principle             
                                                http://www.wbabin.net/files/4471_sharma21.pdf

(i)  According to 2265 years old Archimedes principle, when a body is immersed in fluid (water) , it experiences upthrust  equal to weight of fluid displaced.
   ‘Upthrust is equal to weight of fluid displaced.’
    Upthrust = VD_mg
                                 (ii) The body floats if
         weight ( VD_bg ) =Upthrust (VD_mg)
i.e.  D_b     = D_m    
or Density of body = Density of medium

Thus according to Archimedes Principle, for a floating body  
(a) SHAPE OF FLOATING  BODY
(b) VISCOSITY OF MEDIUM , SURFACE TENSION etc.
are InsignificanT.

This aspect is not experimentally tested at all. However  Archimedes  principle is regarded as true in                         all cases which is unscientific.
(iii) The principle was stated about 250BC and mathematical equations became feasible in 1685 i.e                         after 1935 years.
How equation are regarded as granted for 1935 years without experiments and mathematical background?                 It is the biggest question or mystery.

                 FLOATING BALLOON EXPERIMENTS IN WATER
Let mathematically the principle predicts that a BALLOON of certain volume must support  100 gm mass                  ( must float carrying  mass 100 gm ).
But in first  stage observations  ‘UMBRELLA SHAPED’ balloon supported mass  105gm  and                                ‘thin  pipe shaped balloon’  supported mass 96 gm.
CONCLUSION : The mass (weight in general sense) which balloon supported depends upon SHAPE  of BODY.
Thus it can be explained by Generalized Form of Principle
‘Upthrust is proportional to weight of fluid displaced.’

      Generalized  Upthrust = f VD_mg
where f is co-efficient of proportionality . It depends upon  SHAPE of BODY and VISCOSITY of medium.
In 1991 , Associate Editor Nature, Dr David Lindley suggested the UTMOST SENSITIVE VERSION OF EXPERIMENTS. The papers on the topic are published from USA and England.
Even now scientists are not conducting experiments taking bodies of different SHAPES and  liquids of different  viscosities.            

2265 years old predicts VOLUME becomes UNDEFINED (V=0/0)
Consider a completely submerged floating balloon in water.
m=  (V+v) D_w -VD_m
m : mass which balloon supports , V Volume of medium filled in balloon, v volume of sheath , D_m density of medium                                    inside balloon  and D_w density of water.
V = (m-vD_w)/(D_w-D_m)                                                                     (1)
When density of medium ( D_m ) =  Density of water (D_w). Then From eq.(1)
V = (vD_w -vD_w)/(D_w-D_w) = 0/0
which is meaningless prediction from 2265 years old Archimedes principle.

Generalized form of Archimedes principle is used.

m=  f(V+v) D_w -VD_m
V = (m-fvD_w)/(fD_w-D_m)
Now INDETERMINATE FORM of volume is NOT obtained.
Now equation for volume becomes,
V = (m-fvD_w)/(fD_w-D_m) = (f-1)D_w V /(f-1)D_w =V                      (2)

which is correct result.
Hence generalized form of  2265 years old Archimedes principle is justified MATHEMATICALLY.                                                        Some experiments can be conducted to confirm it.

 Details in book  Einstein and  Archimedes Generalized   

http://www.amazon.com/Einstein-Archimedes-Generalized-now-then/dp/3843389977/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1312086165&sr=1-1

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Generalization of Einstein’s ∆E =∆mc²   , the world's most famous  equation
Part I    Serious Mathematical     inconsistencies in the derivation of     ∆E =∆mc²   

  Einstein, A   Ann. der Phys.  18   (1905) 639-641. 
http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/E_mc2/www/

                                   
Purely Arbitrary Derivation by Einstein of   ∆E =∆mc²    

(i)  Einstein did not derive   ∆E =∆mc²      but SPECULATED it without any mathematical derivation.  Actually Einstein derived  Light Energy Mass Energy Equation   as   ∆L=∆mc² .   Thus  Einstein simply replaced L by E to get   ∆E =∆mc²  .  Thus derivation of    ∆E =∆mc²   is ARBITRARY and ILLOGICAL. 
                       ∆E =∆mc²   ( ∆L=∆mc² )  is not derivable in all cases.                         

(ii)  Einstein’s ∆E =∆mc²   ( ∆L=∆mc²   )is NOT always derivable . Frequently, instead of ∆L=∆mc²      , the result is
 M_b (mass before emission) =  M_a (Mass after emission)   NOT   ∆L=∆mc²   
(iii)  Also in some feasible  conditions, the derivation is NOT APPLICABLE at all.
                Einstein’s derivation is under special conditions only

  (iv) Arbitrary choice of values of parameters by Einstein in derivation.

(a) Einstein has considered two Light Waves but MANY WAVES are possible. 
     Why many waves are neglected by Einstein?

(b) Einstein has considered the energies of TWO waves of EQUAL  ENERGY i.e.  0.5L and 0.5L.
Why other magnitudes of energy i.e. 0.3L and 0.7L  etc. are neglected?

(c)Einstein has considered two waves in opposite directions i.e. ɸ = 0 and ɸ =180

  Why angles ɸ= 0.9999    and ɸ=180 were not considered?

(d) Einstein has considered velocity in classical region (v<<c)

Why velocity in relativistic region was neglected?
In brief Einstein’s derivation as given in Sep 1905 paper is INCOMPLETE and is under SUPER SPECIAL CONDITIONS and alternate derivation is required for such important phenomena.

                                                    Part II
Generalized form of Mass Energy Equation ∆E =A c²∆m 
The equation ∆E =A c²∆m  is derived by new and simple method. Here A is co-efficient of proportionality, its nature is like other coefficients of proportionality in the existing physics.

According to  ∆E =A c²∆m   
if A=1  ,   ∆E =∆mc²   
if A>1      ∆E > ∆mc² 
 if  A<1,    ∆E <∆mc²   
Thus  ∆E =A c²∆m  is general equation and ∆E =∆mc²  is SPECIAL CASE.
Neither Einstein nor any other scientist tried to confirm ∆E =∆mc²   in case of CHEMICAL REACTIONS.

(i) In chemical reactions (burning of wood)  are the most abundant reactions in world. The experiments regarding Large Hadron Collider would cost more than 8 Billion Euro, then why such experiments are not conducted.

(ii)  ∆E =∆mc²  is not able to explain simultaneously the ‘universal equality of masses of nuclei’  and Binding Energy of Deuteron. ∆E =A c²∆m  can do so (requires separate discussion).

Earliest-earliest origin of universe or what was before Big Bang ?

The mass of universe is regarded as equal to 10⁵⁵ kg. It would have come from energy,
 E = ∆mc²  =10⁵⁵ kg x 9x10¹⁶ m²/s² = 9x10⁷¹ J.
But from where energy 9x10⁷¹ J is created ?  So one question gives rise to another question. This question is answered by  ∆E =A c²∆m 


                                      Cause of Gravitation.
” creation of mass of universe and origin of gravitation are both simultaneous processes”.

Like other energies (heat, light, binding energy) the gravitation is other form of mass.  As the mass is created, fraction of mass so created is converted to gravitational energy.

Details in book  Einstein and  Archimedes Generalized                
http://www.amazon.com/Einstein-Archimedes-Generalized-now-then/dp/3843389977/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1312086165&sr=1-1iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii

                             Some publications ( for complete list see below)
 Ajay Sharma's papers ( 2004-11) generalizing E=mc² to  DE = Ac² DM
 Ajay Sharma    American Journal of Scientific Research,  12  67-121 (2010)
Ajay Sharma, Proceedings of NPA, conference at  University of Connecticut, USA, Part II, pp.261-263, 2010
http://redshift.vif.com/JournalFiles/V18NO3PDF/V18N3SHA.pdf                                                     
                                                                                                                                                                                                
      http://redshift.vif.com/JournalFiles/V18NO4PDF/V18N4SHA.pdf   
American Journal of Scientific Research
http://www.eurojournals.com/ajsr_12_08.pdf

The Generalized Conversion Factor in Einstein’s Mass-Energy Equation
Progress in Physics is an American scientific journal, July 2008

http://www.ptep-online.com/index_files/2008/PP-14-12.PDF

http://merlin.fic.uni.lodz.pl/concepts/2006_4/2006_4_351.pdf

 

http://www.burningbrain.org/pdf/ajaysharma_einstein.pdf

http://www.conceptsofphysics.net/V_3/553.pdf

http://www.inderscience.com/browse/index.php?journalID=94&year=2007&vol=3&issue=4

 

http://jvr.freewebpage.org/TableOfContents/Volume4/Issue2/4-2.html

http://www.wbabin.net/ajay/sharma13.pdf

 

 Einstein's original papers on Special Theory of Relativity   
(i) Paper of Special Theory of Relativity (June 1905 paper)
http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/specrel/www/      

 (ii) Paper in which E=mc² was derived (Sep 1905 paper)
http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/E_mc2/www/                

Some References

[1]  Sharma, A  Einstein’s E=mc² Generalized  Raider Publishing International (2007)  New York , USA 

[2] Sharma, A  American Journal of Scientific Research , Vol. 12  pp.67-112 (2010)

[3] Sharma , A Proceedings of  the 4^th international conference  of IMBIC, pp. 21 (2010).                                                                                    

[4] Sharma, A Proceedings of  the Natural Philosophy Alliance , Vol.6 No. 2  pp. 261-263 (2011).                                                                              

[5]    Sharma, A International Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology Vol. 3  No 4  pp. 370-77  (2007)

[6]   Sharma, A.  Galilean Electrodynamics, Vol. 18, No. 5, pp 99-100 (2007).

[7]    Sharma, A. Kurt Godel Society Collegium Logicum Volume IX pp. 67-71 (2007)

[8]    Sharma, A  Progress in Physics,    Vol. 3    pp. 76-83  (2008)

[9]    Sharma, A.  Concepts of Physics, Vol. III, No. 4, pp.345–373 (2006), http://merlin.fic.uni.lodz.pl/concepts/2006_4/2006_4_351.pdf.

[10]   Sharma, A. Abstract Book: 38th European Group of Atomic Systems (Euro physics Conference), Isachia (Naples), Italy, p.53  (2006) .

[11]  Sharma, A.  Abstract Book: A Century After Einstein Physics 2005, (Organiser Institute of Physics, Bristol) University of Warwick, UK, 10–14 April. (2005)

[12] Sharma, A. Presented in 19th International Conference on the Applications of Accelerators in Research and Industry, Fort Worth, Texas, USA, 20–25  August. 2005

[13]   Sharma, A. Abstract Book ,  Oral presentation (lecture) on 21^st  September 2005,  in The 5^th British Gravity Meeting  , Oxford,  England. 

[14] Sharma, A. Physics Essays, Vol. 17, pp.195–222  (2004)

[15]   Sharma, A. Proc. Int. Conf. on Number, Time, Relativity, United Physical Society of Russian Federation, Moscow, p.81  (2004)

[16]   Sharma, A   Acta Ciencia Indica Vol.  XXIV P No. 4   pp.153-158 (1998).

[17]   Sharma, A   to be published in Galilean Electrodynamics, Massachusetts in  , USA

[18] Sharma, A submitted for publication.

[19] Sharma, A   Acta Ciencia Indica Vol.  XXVI  P. No. 1   pp.013-016 (1998).

[20] Sharma, A International Conference on World Year of Physics, University of Rajasthan , Jaipur  pp.14 (2005)

[21]  Sharma, A. III international Young Scientists Conference, Kyiv National University , Scientific works  pp. 19 ( 2002).

[22]  Sharma, A  Journal of Theoretics Vol.6-5   2004

[23]  Sharma, A  Einstein’s E=mc² Generalized  Raider Publishing International (2007)  New York , USA

[24]  Sharma,  A  Einstein’s  Mass Energy Equation, Lambert Academic Publishers (2009) ,Saarbrucken , Germany

[25]  Sharma, A. Journal of Vectorial Relativity . JRV (4) 1-28 (2009)

[26] Sharma, A.  Concepts of Physics, Vol. V, No. 3, pp.553–558 (2006),

  plus more

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